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Each partition can be isolated from the others and even have a different file system. However, you may want multiple partitions for other reasons. If you have multiple partitions, multiple different drives would appear when you plugged your USB drive into your computer. You probably don’t want multiple partitions on your USB flash drive - a single partition will allow you to treat the USB drive as a single unit. Why You Can Make Multiple Partitions and When You Might Want To Files are then written to that file system on the partition.
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After creating a partition, the partition is formatted with a file system - like the NTFS file system on Windows drives, FAT32 file system for removable drives, HFS+ file system on Mac computers, or the ext4 file system on Linux.
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